在 C# 中,結構體是一種值數(shù)據(jù)類型。包含數(shù)據(jù)成員和方法成員。 struct 關鍵字是用于創(chuàng)建一個結構體。
結構體是用來代表一個記錄。假設你想追蹤一個圖書館的書。你可能想追蹤每本書的屬性如下:
定義一個結構體,你必須要聲明這個結構體。結構體聲明定義了一種新的數(shù)據(jù)類型,這個數(shù)據(jù)類型為你的程序包含了一個以上的成員變量。
例如,你可以聲明一個書的結構如下:
struct Books
{
public string title;
public string author;
public string subject;
public int book_id;
};
下面的程序顯示了結構體的用法:
using System;
struct Books
{
public string title;
public string author;
public string subject;
public int book_id;
};
public class testStructure
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
Books Book1; /* 將 Book1 聲明為 Book 類型 */
Books Book2; /* 將 Book2 聲明為 Book 類型 */
/* book 1 specification */
Book1.title = "C Programming";
Book1.author = "Nuha Ali";
Book1.subject = "C Programming Tutorial";
Book1.book_id = 6495407;
/* book 2 詳細數(shù)據(jù) */
Book2.title = "Telecom Billing";
Book2.author = "Zara Ali";
Book2.subject = "Telecom Billing Tutorial";
Book2.book_id = 6495700;
/* 打印 Book1 信息 */
Console.WriteLine( "Book 1 title : {0}", Book1.title);
Console.WriteLine("Book 1 author : {0}", Book1.author);
Console.WriteLine("Book 1 subject : {0}", Book1.subject);
Console.WriteLine("Book 1 book_id :{0}", Book1.book_id);
/* 打印 Book2 信息 */
Console.WriteLine("Book 2 title : {0}", Book2.title);
Console.WriteLine("Book 2 author : {0}", Book2.author);
Console.WriteLine("Book 2 subject : {0}", Book2.subject);
Console.WriteLine("Book 2 book_id : {0}", Book2.book_id);
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
編譯執(zhí)行上述代碼,得到如下結果:
Book 1 title : C Programming
Book 1 author : Nuha Ali
Book 1 subject : C Programming Tutorial
Book 1 book_id : 6495407
Book 2 title : Telecom Billing
Book 2 author : Zara Ali
Book 2 subject : Telecom Billing Tutorial
Book 2 book_id : 6495700
你已經(jīng)使用了一個名為 Books 的簡單結構體。C# 中的結構體與傳統(tǒng)的 C 或者 C++ 有明顯的不同。 C# 中的結構體有以下特征:
類和結構體有以下幾個主要的區(qū)別:
針對上述討論,讓我們重寫前面的例子:
using System;
struct Books
{
private string title;
private string author;
private string subject;
private int book_id;
public void getValues(string t, string a, string s, int id)
{
title = t;
author = a;
subject = s;
book_id = id;
}
public void display()
{
Console.WriteLine("Title : {0}", title);
Console.WriteLine("Author : {0}", author);
Console.WriteLine("Subject : {0}", subject);
Console.WriteLine("Book_id :{0}", book_id);
}
};
public class testStructure
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
Books Book1 = new Books(); /* 將 Book1 聲明為 Book 類型 */
Books Book2 = new Books(); /* 將 Book2 聲明為 Book 類型 */
/* book 1 詳細信息 */
Book1.getValues("C Programming",
"Nuha Ali", "C Programming Tutorial",6495407);
/* book 2 詳細信息 */
Book2.getValues("Telecom Billing",
"Zara Ali", "Telecom Billing Tutorial", 6495700);
/* 打印 Book1 信息 */
Book1.display();
/* 打印 Book2 信息 */
Book2.display();
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
編譯執(zhí)行上述代碼,得到如下結果:
Title : C Programming
Author : Nuha Ali
Subject : C Programming Tutorial
Book_id : 6495407
Title : Telecom Billing
Author : Zara Ali
Subject : Telecom Billing Tutorial
Book_id : 6495700
更多建議: