在 C# 中,結(jié)構(gòu)是值類型數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)。它使得一個(gè)單一變量可以存儲(chǔ)各種數(shù)據(jù)類型的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。struct 關(guān)鍵字用于創(chuàng)建結(jié)構(gòu)。
結(jié)構(gòu)是用來代表一個(gè)記錄。假設(shè)您想跟蹤圖書館中書的動(dòng)態(tài)。您可能想跟蹤每本書的以下屬性:
為了定義一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu),您必須使用 struct 語句。struct 語句為程序定義了一個(gè)帶有多個(gè)成員的新的數(shù)據(jù)類型。
例如,您可以按照如下的方式聲明 Book 結(jié)構(gòu):
struct Books{
public string title;
public string author;
public string subject;
public int book_id;
};
下面的程序演示了結(jié)構(gòu)的用法:
using System;
struct Books{
public string title;
public string author;
public string subject;
public int book_id;
};
public class testStructure{
public static void Main(string[] args){
Books Book1; /* 聲明 Book1,類型為 Book */
Books Book2; /* 聲明 Book2,類型為 Book */
/* book 1 詳述 */
Book1.title = "C Programming";
Book1.author = "Nuha Ali";
Book1.subject = "C Programming Tutorial";
Book1.book_id = 6495407;
/* book 2 詳述 */
Book2.title = "Telecom Billing";
Book2.author = "Zara Ali";
Book2.subject = "Telecom Billing Tutorial";
Book2.book_id = 6495700;
/* 打印 Book1 信息 */
Console.WriteLine( "Book 1 title : {0}", Book1.title);
Console.WriteLine("Book 1 author : {0}", Book1.author);
Console.WriteLine("Book 1 subject : {0}", Book1.subject);
Console.WriteLine("Book 1 book_id :{0}", Book1.book_id);
/* 打印 Book2 信息 */
Console.WriteLine("Book 2 title : {0}", Book2.title);
Console.WriteLine("Book 2 author : {0}", Book2.author);
Console.WriteLine("Book 2 subject : {0}", Book2.subject);
Console.WriteLine("Book 2 book_id : {0}", Book2.book_id);
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
當(dāng)上面的代碼被編譯和執(zhí)行時(shí),它會(huì)產(chǎn)生下列結(jié)果:
Book 1 title : C Programming
Book 1 author : Nuha Ali
Book 1 subject : C Programming Tutorial
Book 1 book_id : 6495407
Book 2 title : Telecom Billing
Book 2 author : Zara Ali
Book 2 subject : Telecom Billing Tutorial
Book 2 book_id : 6495700
您已經(jīng)用了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的名為 Books 的結(jié)構(gòu)。在 C# 中的結(jié)構(gòu)與傳統(tǒng)的 C 或 C++ 中的結(jié)構(gòu)不同。C# 中的結(jié)構(gòu)有以下特點(diǎn):
類和結(jié)構(gòu)有以下幾個(gè)基本的不同點(diǎn):
針對(duì)上述討論,讓我們重寫前面的實(shí)例:
using System;
struct Books{
private string title;
private string author;
private string subject;
private int book_id;
public void getValues(string t, string a, string s, int id){
title = t;
author = a;
subject = s;
book_id = id;
}
public void display(){
Console.WriteLine("Title : {0}", title);
Console.WriteLine("Author : {0}", author);
Console.WriteLine("Subject : {0}", subject);
Console.WriteLine("Book_id :{0}", book_id);
}
};
public class testStructure{
public static void Main(string[] args){
Books Book1 = new Books(); /* 聲明 Book1,類型為 Book */
Books Book2 = new Books(); /* 聲明 Book2,類型為 Book */
/* book 1 詳述 */
Book1.getValues("C Programming",
"Nuha Ali", "C Programming Tutorial",6495407);
/* book 2 詳述 */
Book2.getValues("Telecom Billing",
"Zara Ali", "Telecom Billing Tutorial", 6495700);
/* 打印 Book1 信息 */
Book1.display();
/* 打印 Book2 信息 */
Book2.display();
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
當(dāng)上面的代碼被編譯和執(zhí)行時(shí),它會(huì)產(chǎn)生下列結(jié)果:
Title : C Programming
Author : Nuha Ali
Subject : C Programming Tutorial
Book_id : 6495407
Title : Telecom Billing
Author : Zara Ali
Subject : Telecom Billing Tutorial
Book_id : 6495700
更多建議: